{"id":4665,"date":"2024-02-23T09:46:53","date_gmt":"2024-02-23T01:46:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chimaytech.net\/?p=4665"},"modified":"2024-02-23T20:00:37","modified_gmt":"2024-02-23T12:00:37","slug":"how-is-turbidity-measured","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chimaytech.net\/vi\/how-is-turbidity-measured\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o"},"content":{"rendered":"

“\u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c – \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.”<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h1>\n

\n\u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 trong c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch, t\u1ea3o ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00e1c. \u0110o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed7i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ri\u00eang. M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u0129a secchi. \u0110\u0129a Secchi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u0129a h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa. \u0110\u1ed9 s\u00e2u m\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u0129a Secchi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c \u1edf h\u1ed3, s\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i m\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a secchi, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c. Nephelometer \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 \u1edf g\u00f3c 90 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

\n\"alt-107\"
\nM\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u00f2a tan \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1eabu n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c, c\u00e1c quan s\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c quan c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed9 trong c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 trong c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n l\u01a1 l\u1eedng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c quan s\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c quan mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 quan v\u00e0 k\u00e9m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn chung, \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, theo d\u00f5i s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 trong c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc theo th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc. Cho d\u00f9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c, \u0111\u0129a secchi, m\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c hay quan s\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed7i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ri\u00eang. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

“\u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c – \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.” Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 trong c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1827,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"2.12.0","language":"vi","enabled_languages":["en","es","de","fr","ru","pt","ar","ja","ko","it","id","hi","th","vi","tr"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ar":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ko":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"th":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"vi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chimaytech.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4665"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chimaytech.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chimaytech.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chimaytech.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chimaytech.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4665"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/chimaytech.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4665\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chimaytech.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1827"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chimaytech.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4665"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chimaytech.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4665"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chimaytech.net\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4665"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}